Sketch for the Painting “Constitution of the 3 May” by Jan Matejko
Description:
The "Sketch for the Painting ‘Constitution of the 3 May’," created by Jan Matejko in the late 19th century, is a preparatory work for one of Matejko's most celebrated historical paintings, which depicts the adoption of the May 3rd Constitution of 1791 in Poland. Jan Matejko, born in 1838 in Kraków, Poland, was a renowned Polish painter known for his monumental historical scenes that vividly illustrate pivotal moments in Polish history. His works are characterized by their meticulous attention to detail, dramatic compositions, and a deep sense of national pride.
In the sketch for “Constitution of the 3 May,” Matejko outlines the central figures and the dynamic composition that would later be fully realized in his finished painting. The scene shows the procession of Polish nobles, clergy, and citizens led by King Stanisław August Poniatowski, making their way towards St. John's Cathedral in Warsaw, celebrating the adoption of the new constitution. The sketch captures the movement, gestures, and expressions of the participants, emphasizing the enthusiasm and hope of the Polish people during this historic event. Matejko’s use of pencil and loose brushstrokes provides a sense of dynamism and preparation, allowing him to experiment with the arrangement of figures and the overall composition.
Details:
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Location and Date Created: Poland, late 19th century.
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Medium: Pencil and oil on paper or canvas (study).
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Full Artwork Name: Sketch for the Painting “Constitution of the 3 May” by Jan Matejko.
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Artwork Style: Realism; historical painting.
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Subject/Topic: A preparatory sketch depicting the adoption of the May 3rd Constitution of 1791, capturing the excitement and significance of this momentous event in Polish history.